The cognitive abilities covered by Verbal Tests namely, information, comprehension, arithmetic, digit span, analogies, and similarities are typically components of intelligence tests that assess various aspects of a person’s cognitive functioning. These tests are part of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), among others.

1. Information:
   • The Information subtest assesses a person’s general knowledge and ability to recall and provide factual information. It often includes questions about a wide range of topics such as science, history, geography, and current events.
2. Comprehension:
   • The Comprehension subtest evaluates a person’s understanding of social conventions, ethical considerations, and practical knowledge. It often involves answering questions about social situations, moral dilemmas, and common sense.
3. Arithmetic:
   • The Arithmetic subtest measures a person’s quantitative reasoning and mathematical ability. Tasks typically involve solving written or oral arithmetic problems, testing skills in basic mathematical operations and problem-solving.
4. Digit Span:
   • Digit Span assesses a person’s working memory capacity. In this subtest, individuals are required to repeat sequences of digits in the same order as presented (forward digit span) or in reverse order (backward digit span). This provides insights into the individual’s short-term memory and mental manipulation of information.
5. Analogies:
   • Analogies assess a person’s ability to recognize relationships between words or concepts and apply that understanding to solve new problems. Test-takers are presented with pairs of words that share a certain relationship, and they must identify a similar relationship in a different pair of words.
6. Similarities:
   • The Similarities subtest measures abstract reasoning and verbal concept formation. Test-takers are asked to identify commonalities between pairs of words or concepts. The task assesses the ability to understand abstract relationships and verbal categorization.

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